Atención profesional en atención domiciliaria para niños y adolescentes con necesidades especiales de salud: una revisión integradora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2022.22.1.5Palabras clave:
Personas imposibilitadas, atención domiciliaria de salud, cuidador, niño, adolescenteResumen
Objetivo: Analizar los resultados de publicaciones científicas acerca de la atención domiciliar profesional a niños y adolescentes con necesidades especiales de salud.
Materiales y método: Una revisión integradora con artículos publicados entre 2009 y 2020 realizada en las bases de datos BDEnf, Lilacs, Medline/PubMed y en la biblioteca electrónica SciELO. Se analizaron los datos en cuatro etapas: reducción de los datos; presentación de los datos; comparación de los datos; diseño y verificación de la conclusión.
Resultados: Se identificaron 5 641 artículos; luego de la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y descarte de los duplicados, se seleccionaron 637 artículos para la lectura de títulos y resúmenes, de los que 61 se seleccionaron para la lectura integral y de estos 28 compusieron la muestra final. Se identificaron la oferta de acciones de soporte remoto y la preocupación en capacitar los cuidadores en cuanto a los aspectos técnico-científicos del cuidado en el domicilio, además de la promoción de la mejoría de la calidad de vida de niños/adolescentes y sus familiares. Se evidenció la laguna en relación con la identificación y el manejo del dolor por los profesionales de los servicios domiciliares.
Conclusiones: La actuación de los servicios domiciliares a esta población específica enfoca en las demandas de cuidados con las tecnologías en salud y promoción de alivio de los síntomas, disminuyendo la carga de trabajo de los cuidadores y auxiliando en la deshospitalización.
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