Evaluation of COVID-19 Patient Safety Compared to Non-COVID-19 Patients and Predisposing Factors of Nursing Errors

Leila Mohammadnahal; Abasat  Mirzaei; Mohammad Javad  Khezeli

doi:10.5294/aqui.2022.22.3.2

Autores/as

Leila Mohammadnahal Autor/a Islamic Azad University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0221-0381
Abasat Mirzaei Autor/a Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Islamic Azad University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1422-5193
Mohammad Javad Khezeli Autor/a University of Medical Sciences; Islamic Azad University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1865-7313

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2022.22.3.2

Palabras clave:

Covid-19, errores médicos, enfermera, seguridad del paciente, aislamiento de pacientes

Resumen

Objetivos: el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la seguridad en pacientes hospitalizados con covid-19 en comparación con los que no tenían covid-19 y encontrar factores predisponentes de errores de enfermería según la percepción de los enfermeros. Métodos: esta investigación descriptiva-comparativa empleó datos de encuestas de 800 enfermeros en ocho hospitales iraníes en 2021 mediante tres cuestionarios con alta confiabilidad y validez elaborados por investigadores que incluían datos sociodemográficos, indicadores de seguridad del paciente y factores predisponentes de errores de enfermería. Los datos recopilados se analizaron mediante ANOVA, prueba t independiente y el software SPSS22. Resultados: las puntuaciones medias de seguridad de los pacientes con y sin covid-19 fueron 3,42 ± 0,17 y 3,74 ± 0,06, respectivamente. Las mayores diferencias en seguridad del paciente se atribuyeron a las dimensiones de control de infecciones (0,66) y caída del paciente (0,56). Por otra parte, las causas más comunes de los errores de enfermería estuvieron relacionadas con el aspecto gerencial (2,67 ± 1,39), y los factores predisponentes más comunes de los errores de enfermería fueron la alta carga de trabajo, la baja proporción de enfermeros por pacientes y la fatiga. Conclusiones: los pacientes con covid-19 tienen menor seguridad que los que no presentan la enfermedad. Además, la gestión inadecuada y la alta carga de trabajo conducen a errores de enfermería. Por lo tanto, las autoridades deben diseñar estrategias adecuadas para reducir la carga de trabajo de los enfermeros y mejorar la seguridad del paciente, en especial en aquellos con covid-19.

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