Cuidado paliativo al anciano en la Red de Atención de Salud: una revisión de alcance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2022.22.3.8Palabras clave:
Anciano, anciano frágil, cuidados paliativos, atención primaria de salud, atención integral de saludResumen
Objetivo: mapear las evidencias científicas relacionadas con la organización de las prácticas de cuidado paliativo al anciano en la Red de Atención de Salud. Materiales y método: scoping review por el método Joanna Briggs Institute. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos PubMed, Cinahl, Web of Science, Scopus, BVS/Lilacs, Embase y Cochrane, con identificación de 1150 artículos, los cuales fueron gerenciados por el software Endnote. Luego de la selección, 12 artículos compusieron la amuestra del estudio. Los datos se ordenaron en planilla del Microsoft Excel, se sometieron a análisis descriptivo y se discutieron con la literatura. Resultados: se observó que la organización de las prácticas de cuidado paliativo al adulto mayor desde la Red de Atención de Salud, con enfoque en la atención primaria de salud, en la residencia y en la articulación interdisciplinaria es importante. Sin embargo, aun hay fragmentación en la oferta de este cuidado, con limitadas consideraciones en cuanto a los retos y posibilidades de su efectuación en todos los niveles de atención. Conclusiones: el mapeo de las evidencias científicas sobre el tema demuestra que son modestas las discusiones en torno de la inserción de los cuidados paliativos en la Red. Los estudios exploran el rol de la atención primaria de salud como ordenadora de estas prácticas, aunque en una perspectiva fragmentada, con poca articulación entre los servicios de la Red.
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