No adherencia o desistencia del tratamiento entre adolescentes y jóvenes viviendo con VIH/SIDA: scoping review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2023.23.2.2Palabras clave:
Pacientes desertores de tratamiento, adolescente, adulto joven, VIH, SIDA, síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquiridaResumen
Objetivo: identificar y mapear la literatura científica del área acerca de los motivos para la no adherencia o desistencia del tratamiento entre adolescentes y jóvenes que viven con VIH/SIDA. Materiales y método: revisión de alcance con el empleo de la estrategia Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) para presentar datos referentes a los motivos de la no adherencia o desistencia del tratamiento entre adolescentes y jóvenes que viven con VIH/SIDA. Para la búsqueda de artículos, se utilizaron siete fuentes de información: Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, Cinahl, BDEnf, Scopus y Embase, sin limitación temporal, con la estrategia de búsqueda “patient dropouts” OR “abandonment” OR “lack of adherence to medication” AND “adolescent” OR “young adult” AND “Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome” OR “HIV” AND “antiretroviral therapy highly active” OR “medication adherence”. Resultados: se incluyeron ocho artículos en el estudio que contemplaban los motivos para la no adherencia o desistencia del tratamiento, los que estaban relacionados al acceso al servicio de salud, a condiciones sociodemográficas, estructurales, psicosociales y comportamentales, y a los factores asociados con la enfermedad o medicamentos. Conclusiones: los hallazgos del estudio evidencian como son vulnerables los adolescentes y jóvenes a las cuestiones inherentes al tratamiento del VIH/SIDA y que varios son los motivos que pueden influir la no adherencia o desistencia del tratamiento.
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