Relationship between Perceived Stress with Coping and with Stressors of Patients in Preoperative Myocardial Revascularization

Abstract

Coronary disease stands out among the cardiovascular diseases victimizing patients around the world. Stress occurs in the preoperative period of myocardial revascularization surgery (MRS). Objective: The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between perceived stress with coping and with stressors of patients in preoperative MRS. Materials and method: A quantitative and transversal approach was used. The sample consisted of 105 patients with coronary artery disease who had been admitted to a cardiology hospital. The Perceived Stress Scale - Coping Strategies Inventory was used, along with two open questions. The answers were quantified and categorized. A multivariate linear regression model was used for the data analysis. Results: Higher perceived stress was associated with greater escape and elusiveness (β = 0.416, p <0.001), more coping (β = 0.353, p = 0.001), less self-control (β = -0.226, p = 0.024), female gender (β = -0.173, p = 0.048) and "clinical symptoms" (β = 0.235, p = 0.015). "Search to occupy the mind" (β = -0.196, p = 0.047) and "facing surgery as an improvement / cure instrument" (β = -0.255, p = 0.009) were associated with less perceived stress. Conclusions: Perceived stress varies according to certain stressors and coping. These relationships must be taken into account when planning nursing care in order to reduce preoperative stress in coronary patients.