Eficácia do yoga na redução de sintomas depressivos: revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2024.24.3.8Palavras-chave:
Depressão, transtorno depressivo, yoga, resultado do tratamento, terapias complementaresResumo
Introdução: O ritmo acelerado das mudanças na vida contemporânea aumenta a demanda por adaptação, o que leva a patologias depressivas devido ao sofrimento psíquico. Portanto, o yoga emerge como abordagem complementar ao tratamento da depressão. Objetivo: analisar a eficácia do yoga na redução dos sintomas depressivos. Materiais e método: revisão sistemática da literatura, a qual seguiu a metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute para revisões sistemáticas de eficácia, e o protocolo da revisão foi registrado na Prospero com o código CRD42023448158. Para formular a questão de pesquisa, adotou-se a estratégia Pico, no em que “P” são pessoas com depressão; “I”, yoga; “C”, pessoas que não foram submetidas a yoga; “O”, melhora/redução dos sintomas depressivos. Foram seguidos os requisitos do fluxograma Prisma e a busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, BDEnf, Ibecs, PsycINFO e Cinahl. Aplicou-se a escala de Jadad para a avaliação da qualidade metodológica e a Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 para a avaliação do risco de viés. Resultados: foram identificados 1138 estudos, dos quais 10 foram selecionados para a extração de dados, para a leitura detalhada e para a síntese qualitativa. O yoga, especialmente o mindfulness yoga, demonstrou ser intervenção eficaz para várias condições, incluindo a depressão. Os benefícios incluem melhorias significativas na gravidade da depressão, na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde, na disfunção motora, na mobilidade, no bem-estar espiritual e na atividade do sistema nervoso parassimpático. Conclusão: Os estudos destacam a eficácia do yoga na redução dos sintomas depressivos em diferentes populações e contextos, reforçando sua eficácia como abordagem terapêutica complementar na gestão da depressão.
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