Main Self-Care Deficits Found in Elderly People with Diabetic Foot Ulcer: An Integrative Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2023.23.3.6Keywords:
Diabetic foot, nursing, aged, diabetes mellitus, disease preventionAbstract
Introduction: The increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus has led to public health consequences. Several individuals with diabetes lose sensitivity and may present foot deformities, resulting in diabetic foot. Knowing about self-care deficits can allow for planning healthcare in the management of diabetic foot and improve the patient’s quality of life. Objective: To identify, from the scientific literature, the main self-care deficits present in elderly people with diabetic foot ulcers, based on Orem’s self-care deficit theory. Materials and methods: This is an integrative review study. The search for studies was performed in January 2022, using the descriptors “diabetic foot”, “self-care,” and “aged.” The following virtual library and databases were used: BVS, Lilacs, Medline and BDEnf via PubMed. The adaptation of the Prisma flowchart was used. A synthesis of the articles was performed with the description of the main results and self-care deficits according to Orem’s self-care theory. Results: Socioeconomic conditions, skin characteristics, activities, leisure and rest, diet, neurological conditions, and lack of knowledge about the need for therapeutic support and treatment were the main factors related to self-care deficits. Conclusion: The scientific evidence generated provides a foundation for carrying out new studies on the theme, as well as assisting in decision-making by nurses to adopt measures that assist in the self-care of this population group, in addition to guiding this population regarding the necessary care.
Downloads
References
Netten JJ, Bus SA, Apelqvist J, Lipsky BA, Hinchliffe RJ, Game F, et al. Definitions and criteria for diabetic foot disease. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020;36(supl. 1):e3268. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3268
Bezerra MLR, Faria RPR, Costa de Jesus CA, Reis PED, Pinho DLM, Kamada I. Aplicabilidade da teoria do déficit do autocuidado de ordem no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa. J Manag Prim Health Care [Internet]. 2019 [citado 10 dez. 2022];9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14295/jmphc.v9i0.538
Silva BDS, Campos KM, Alcantara JR, Costa HMGS, Nogueira CMCS, Bezerra KP et al. O papel da enfermagem no contexto da pandemia do novo coronavírus: reflexões à luz da teoria de Florence Nightingale. Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line [Internet]. 2021 [citado 10 dez. 2022];15(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963.2021.247807
George JB. Nursing theories: The base for professional nursing practice. 6ª ed. Harlow: Pearson; 2014.
Engela MHT, Rodarte AC, Júnior AR, Seixas CT, Viegas SMF, Lanza FM. Use of health technology in primary health care in approach to hypertension. R Pesq cuid fundam online. 2018;10 (1):75-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2018.v10i1.75-84
Moreira LAB, Dias DS, Freitas MG, Alves ÁKP, Fernandes PKRS. A utilização da teoria do autocuidado na assistência a gestante portadora de HIV. Em: VI Encontro de Monitoria e Iniciação Científica. Fortaleza: Conexão Fametro; 2018.
Mendonça SCB, Zanetti ML, Sawada NO, Barreto IDC, Andrade JS, Otero LM. Construction and validation of the Self-care Assessment Instrument for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rev Latino-Am Enfermagem. 2017;25(0). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.1533.2890
Mendes KDS, Silveira RC de CP, Galvão CM. Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto contexto – enferm. 2008;17(4):758-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-07072008000400018
Estorniolo Filho, J. EndNote basic: guia de uso. 12ª ed. São Paulo: Biblioteca/CIR/ FSP/USP; 2018.
Couban R. Covidence and Rayyan. Journal of the Canadian Health Libraries Association/Journal de l’Association des bibliothèques de la santé du Canada [Internet]. 2016 [citado 15 dez. 2022];37(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5596/c16-025
Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Syst Rev [Internet]. 2021 [citado 15 dez. 2022];10(1):89. Disponível em: https://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13643-021-01626-4
Artiles AM, Ramirez EAB, Duarte RF. Autocuidado de los pies en pacientes diabéticos. Medicentro [Internet]. 2020 [citado 19 dez. 2022];24(4):819-25. Disponível em: https://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/new/resumen.cgi?IDARTICULO=104392
Shin KS, Lee EH. Relationships of health literacy to self-care behaviors in people with diabetes aged 60 and above: Empowerment as a mediator. J Adv Nurs. 2018;74(10):2363-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13738
Sharoni SKA, Rahman HA, Minhat HS, Shariff-Ghazali S, Ong MHA. The effects of self-efficacy enhancing program on foot self-care behaviour of older adults with diabetes: A randomised controlled trial in elderly care facility, Peninsular Malaysia. PLoS ONE;13(3):e0192417. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192417
Sayah FA, Soprovich A, Qiu W, Edwards AL, Johnson JA. Diabetic foot disease, self-care and clinical monitoring in adults with type 2 diabetes: The Alberta’s caring for diabetes (ABCD) cohort study. Can J Diabetes. 2015;39(3):S120-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.05.006
Fernández MA, Bravo JJM, Simarro FL, Samper JMC, Barrera FC, Romero JM, et al. Evaluation of diabetic foot screening in Primary Care. Endocrinol Nutr. 2014;61(6):311-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endonu.2014.01.007
Ochoa MB, Ruíz YE, Díaz CC, Carranza DV. Capacidades y actividades en el autocuidado del paciente con pie diabético. Rev enferm Herediana. 2015;7(2):63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20453/renh.v7i2.2529
Bonner T, Guidry J, Jackson Z. Association between foot care knowledge and practices among African Americans with type 2 diabetes: An exploratory pilot study. J Natl Med Assoc;111(3):256-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2018.10.004
Chin YF, Liang J, Wang WS, Hsu BR, Huang TT. The role of foot self-care behavior on developing foot ulcers in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy: A prospective study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2014;51(12):1568-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.05.001
Chin YF, Huang TT, Hsu BR. Impact of action cues, self-efficacy and perceived barriers on daily foot exam practice in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with peripheral neuropathy. J Clin Nurs. 2013;22(2):61-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04291.x
Figueiroa VPM, Guanilo MEE, Fuculo Junior PRB. Relation between causes of hospitalization and self-care in older adults with diabetes mellitus 2. Texto contexto – enferm. 2020;29(esp.):e20190296. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2019-0296
Jiang Y, Wang X, Xia L, Fu X, Xu Z, Ran X et al. A cohort study of diabetic patients and diabetic foot ulceration patients in China. Wound Repair Regen. 2015;23(2):222-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.12263
Liu J, Lu Q, Pang D, Yang P, Jin S, Yuan G et al. Foot care education among patients with diabetes mellitus in China: A cross-sectional study. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2020;47(3):276-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/WON.0000000000000653
Mahon AM, Moore GD, Gazes MI, Chusid E, MacGilchrist C. An investigation of diabetes knowledge levels between newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in Galway, Ireland and New York, USA: A cross-sectional study. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2016;15(3):194-202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734616638775
Moreira JB, Muro ES, Monteiro LA, Iunes DH, Assis BB, Chaves ECL. Efeito do grupo operative no ensino do autocuidado com os pés de diabéticos: ensaio clínico randomizado. Rev esc enferm USP. 2020;54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2019005403624
Flores EN, Asencio JMM, Marín JAC, Manzanares MTL, Nogueron GG. Development, validation and psychometric analysis of the diabetic foot self-care questionnaire of the University of Malaga, Spain (DFSQ-UMA). J Tissue Viability. 2015;24(1):24-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtv.2014.11.001
Pinilla AE, Barrera MDP, Rubio C, Devia D. Actividades de prevención y factores de riesgo en diabetes mellitus y pie diabético. Acta Med Colomb. 2014;39(3):250-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36104/amc.2014.260
Policarpo NS, Moura JRA, Melo Júnior EB, Almeida PCM, Silva ARV. Knowledge, attitudes and practices for the prevention of diabetic foot. Rev Gaúcha Enferm. 2014;35(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2014.03.45187
Polikandrioti M, Vasilopoulos G, Koutelekos I, Panoutsopoulos G, Gerogianni G, Babatsikou F et al. Quality of life in diabetic foot ulcer: Associated factors and the impact of anxiety/depression and adherence to self-care. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2020;19(2):165-79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734619900415
Perdomo CR, Perdomo AP, Rodríguez VM. Conhecimentos e práticas para a prevenção do pé diabético. Rev Gaúcha Enferm. 2019;40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2019.20180161
Abella MR, Hernández YN, Walton SM, Pérez CAS. Conocimientos sobre factores de riesgos y medidas de autocuidado en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 con úlcera neuropática. Rev inf cient. [Internet]. 2021 [citado 20 mar. 2022];100(3):e3446. Disponível em: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1028-99332021000300010&lng=es
Rossaneis MA, Haddad MC, Mathias TA, Marcon SS. Differences in foot self-care and lifestyle between men and women with diabetes mellitus. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2016;15(24):e2761. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.1203.2761
Salomé GM, Ferreira LM. Locus de controle da saúde, imagem corporal e autoimagem em indivíduos diabéticos com pés ulcerados. Rev enferm UFPE online. 2017;11(9):3419-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v11i9a110241p3419-3428-2017
Sari Y, Upoyo AS, Isworo A, Taufik A, Sumeru A, Anandari D et al. Foot self-care behavior and its predictors in diabetic patients in Indonesia. BMC Res Notes. 2020;13(1):38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-4903-y
Sharoni SKA, Rahman HA, Minhat HS, Ghazali SS, Ong MHA. A self-efficacy education programme on foot self-care behaviour among older patients with diabetes in a public long-term care institution, Malaysia: A quasi-experimental pilot study. BMJ Open. 2017;7(6):e014393. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014393
Siersma V, Thorsen H, Holstein PE, Kars M, Apelqvist J, Jude EB et al. Importance of factors determining the low health-related quality of life in people presenting with a diabetic foot ulcer: The Eurodiale study. Diabet Med. 2013;30(11):1382-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.12254
Silva LWS, Silva JS, Squarcini CFR, Souza FG, Ribeiro VS, Gonçalves DF. Promoção da saúde de pessoas com diabetes mellitus no cuidado educativo preventivo do pé-diabético. Cienc enferm. 2016;22(2):103-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-95532016000200008
Świątoniowska N, Chabowski M, Jankowska-Polańska B. Quality of foot care among patients with diabetes: A study using a polish version of the diabetes foot disease and foot care questionnaire. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2020;59(2):231-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2019.07.020
Vedhara K, Dawe K, Wetherell MA, Miles JN, Cullum N, Dayan C et al. Illness beliefs predict self-care behaviours in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: A prospective study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014;106(1):67-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2014.07.018
Yao H, Ting X, Minjie W, Yemin C, Xiqiao W, Yuzhi J et al. The investigation of demographic characteristics and the health-related quality of life in patients with diabetic foot ulcers at first presentation. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2012;11(3):187-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734612457034
Yuncken J, Williams CM, Stolwyk R, Haines TP. People with diabetes foot complications do not recall their foot education: A cohort study. J Foot Ankle Res. 2018;11:12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-018-0255-4
Sharoni SA, Razi MNM, Rashid NFA, Mahmood YE. Self-efficacy of foot care behaviour of elderly patients with diabetes. Malays Fam Physician [Internet]. 2017 [citado 22 mar. 2022];12(2):2-8. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5791827/
Bernardo AV, Lô CLN, Lombardi FR, Silva SPZ. Avaliação do pé nos portadores de diabetes Mellitus. Nursing (São Paulo). 2021;24(278):5922-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36489/nursing.2021v24i278p5922-5931
Chin YF, Huang TT, Hsu BR, Weng LC, Wang CC. Factors associated with foot ulcer self-management behaviours among hospitalised patients with diabetes. J Clin Nurs. 2019;28(11-12):2253-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14822
Gökdeniz D, Şahin ZA. Evaluation of knowledge levels about diabetes foot care and self-care activities in diabetic individuals. Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2022;21(1):65-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734620926266
Hjelm K, Beebwa E. The influence of beliefs about health and illness on foot care in Ugandan persons with diabetic foot ulcers. Open Nurs J. 2013;7:123-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1874434601307010123
Ren M, Yang C, Lin DZ, Xiao HS, Mai LF, Guo YC et al. Effect of intensive nursing education on the prevention of diabetic foot ulceration among patients with high-risk diabetic foot: A follow-up analysis. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2014;16(9):576-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/dia.2014.0004
Silva JMTSD, Haddad MDCFL, Rossaneis MA, Vannuchi MTO, Marcon SS. Fatores associados à ulceração nos pés de pessoas com diabetes mellitus residentes em área rural. Rev Gaucha Enferm. 2017;38(3):e68767. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2017.03.68767
Lee YJ, Shin SJ, Wang RH, Lin KD, Lee YL, Wang YH. Pathways of empowerment perceptions, health literacy, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors to glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patient Educ Couns. 2016;99(2):287-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2015.08.021
Monteiro-Soares M, Russell D, Boyko EJ, Jeffcoate W, Mills JL, Morbach S et al. International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF). Guidelines on the classification of diabetic foot ulcers (IWGDF 2019). Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020;36(supl.1):e3273. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3273
Liu J, Ren ZH, Qiang H, Wu J, Shen M, Zhang L, Lyu J. Trends in the incidence of diabetes mellitus: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 and implications for diabetes mellitus prevention. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1415. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09502-x
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Aquichan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
1. Proposed Policy for Journals That Offer Open Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- The journal and its papers are published with the Creative Commons License Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). You are free to share copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format if you: give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made; don’t use our material for commercial purposes; don’t remix, transform, or build upon the material.
