Experiencias de las mujeres con el proceso de atención del parto: revisión integrativa

Jairo Daniel Mateus Peña; Claudia Andrea  Ramírez Perdomo; Ana María Flórez González

doi:10.5294/aqui.2024.24.2.5

Autores/as

Jairo Daniel Mateus Peña Autor/a South Colombian University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-6236
Claudia Andrea Ramírez Perdomo Autor/a South Colombian University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-773X
Ana María Flórez González Autor/a South Colombian University https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3353-2758

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2024.24.2.5

Palabras clave:

Parto normal, parto humanizado, humanización de la atención, violencia obstétrica, investigación cualitativa

Resumen

Introducción: el parto es reconocido como un proceso fisiológico que alude a la procreación y al desarrollo entre las sociedades; no obstante, poco se ha habla sobre la atención humanizada del mismo. Por lo anterior, es necesario identificar la experiencia de las mujeres durante la atención del parto vaginal para generar prácticas que garanticen una mejor calidad en la atención. Objetivo: caracterizar la evidencia científica relacionada con las experiencias de las mujeres durante la atención del parto vaginal. Materiales y Método: se realizó una revisión integrativa, según Cooper; se revisaron seis bases de datos Cochrane, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Scopus y Cinahl, con los descriptores: Parto Normal; Parto Humanizado; Humanización de la Atención; Violencia Obstétrica e Investigación Cualitativa, en idioma español, inglés y portugués, limitada al periodo 2010-2023, con los siguientes criterios de inclusión/exclusión: artículos cualitativos en texto completo sobre partos vaginales, con puntuación mayor o igual a 8 según CASPe. Resultados: se obtuvieron seis unidades temáticas: microagresiones y macro-impactos: el parto: entre el dolor y el miedo; actuar con respeto: el parto como proceso natural; silenciar, callar y soportar; mi parto, mi elección; haciendo visible lo invisible: normalizando la violencia durante el parto; y el rito de parir: dignidad de la mujer. Conclusiones: las experiencias de las mujeres durante el parto están moldeadas por el contexto cultural en el que viven; el modelo biomédico y el tradicional chocan e impactan la vida de la mujer. Es necesario que las mujeres conozcan sus derechos reproductivos para contribuir con la humanización del parto.

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