Dando voz a los hermanos sanos de niños con cáncer: revisión de alcance
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https://doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2025.25.4.3Palabras clave:
Relaciones entre hermanos, niño, cáncer, experiencias de vida, enfermeríaResumen
Introducción: el cáncer infantil afecta a todos los miembros de la familia; por esta razón, algunos estudios han mostrado la vulnerabilidad en la que se encuentran los hermanos sanos, pues están comprometidos desde lo psicosocial, social y escolar. Objetivos: identificar las experiencias vividas por los hermanos sanos de niños con cáncer que afectan su bienestar y calidad de vida durante la enfermedad y posterior a ella. Método: revisión de alcance basada en la metodología del Joanna Briggs Institute en las bases de datos Web of Science, PubMed, CUIDEN y CINAHL, con base en PRISMA, entre agosto del 2024 y enero del 2025, por medio de los descriptores Siblings, Children, Cancer, Social Problems, Experience y Research. Los hallazgos de los artículos encontrados fueron sometidos a un análisis temático por las autoras. Resultados: se seleccionaron 23 artículos científicos; se identificaron cuatro categorías: (a) Distanciamiento familiar, (b) Deterioro de la relación del hermano sano con los padres, (c) Impacto en la vida privada del hermano sano y (d) Estrategias de afrontamiento desarrolladas por los hermanos sanos. Conclusiones: los hermanos sanos enfrentan situaciones complejas que comprometen su bienestar. A pesar de esto logran adaptarse, aunque corren el riesgo de desarrollar secuelas físicas, socioemocionales y escolares, por lo que requieren de intervenciones activas y multidimensionales que los incorporen en su integralidad y favorezcan su calidad de vida.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Paula Andrea Vega-Vega, Amalia Sáez Álvarez, Sofía Poblete Villegas, Camila Concha Méndez
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